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水是人类及自然界不可或缺的重要资源。涉及物理、化学、生物、地理等多学科知识、备受关注的水处理问题成为高考热点完全在情理之中。笔者分析,高考考查水处理问题的寓意有三:一是让学生获得有关的新知识,开阔视野;二是多角度、多层次考查基础知识和应用能力;三是利用高考试题的教育功能和导向作用,引导学生关注资源、环境,关心生产、生活,培养和提高人文素养。现将近年高考化学学科命题的水处理试题分类例析如下。
Water is an indispensable and important resource for humans and nature. The multi-disciplinary knowledge involving physics, chemistry, biology, geography, etc. The water treatment problem that has attracted much attention has become a hot topic in the college entrance examination. The author analyzes that there are three implications in the examination of water treatment problems in the college entrance examination: one is to allow students to acquire relevant new knowledge and broaden their horizons; the other is to examine basic knowledge and application abilities from multiple angles and levels; third is to use the educational function and guiding role of high examination questions. Guide students to pay attention to resources and environment, care about production and living, and cultivate and improve humanistic qualities. The recent analysis of water treatment test items for the subject of the chemistry of the college entrance examination is as follows.