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用一年生墨西哥大刍草(Zea Mexican Schard)与玉米G综合种远缘杂交选育的10个自交系作母本,以7个骨干自交系为父本,按10×7不完全双列杂交设计组配70个杂交组合为供试材料,研究了远缘杂交选系主要农艺性状和经济性状的遗传组成、遗传力和配合力效应。结果表明,抽丝期、株高、茎粗、穗长和百粒重主要受加性基因效应影响,狭义遗传力高,适合早代选择;茎强度、穗粗、穗行数和行粒数受加性基因和非加性基因效应同等影响;而穗位高、穗重、穗粒重和出籽率主要受非加性基因效应影响,狭义遗传力低,宜晚代选择。一般配合力效应分析结果,GT107可以作为很好的早熟、矮杆、抗倒和高产育种潜力亲本。
Ten inbred lines selected from the annual cross of Zea Mexican Schard and maize G as the female parent and 7 backcross inbred lines as the male parent were selected as 10 × 7 incomplete double lines The hybrid design team with 70 hybrid combinations as tested materials, the main agronomic traits and economic traits of distant hybridization line genetic composition, heritability and combining ability effect. The results showed that the plant height, stem diameter, spike length and 100-grain weight were mainly affected by the additive gene effect during the spinning stage. The narrow heritability was high and suitable for early generation selection. The stem intensity, ear diameter, ear number and grain number Affected by additive gene and non-additive gene effect equally, ear height, ear weight, grain weight and seed yield were mainly affected by non-additive gene effect. GT107 can be used as a good parent for early maturity, dwarfing, lodging resistance and high yield breeding potential.