悲剧的异化——兼论艺术本质问题

• 作 者: 金玲
• 机 构: 四川大学文学与新闻学院文艺学专业,
• 出 处: 戏剧文学
• 发表日期: 2011年04期
• 关键词: 悲剧本质 合法性地位 异化 喜剧化 审美异化 艺术本质 文艺理论 悲剧感 西方文学史 那种

悲剧的真正使命是对人类生存之真的显现,让人类得以对苦难保持记忆。但是在中西方文学史,悲剧却一直存在被误读的命运,要么在文艺理论的框架中,悲剧一直被当做一种审美的范畴来理解,多关注悲剧的审美力量,要么在宗教和道德的框架中将悲剧的悲剧感异化为一种喜剧或快感。总之,人们都有意无意淡化悲剧在描写苦难时那种极端的悲观效应,通过悲剧的喜剧化来使悲剧获得合法性地位。艺术的本质也应是对生存之真的显现而不是对其遮蔽。

The real mission of the tragedy is to show the true existence of mankind, so that mankind can keep memory of suffering. However, in the history of Chinese and Western literature, the tragedy has always been misunderstood. In the frame of literary theory, tragedy has always been regarded as an aesthetic category, more attention is paid to the aesthetic power of tragedy, or both religious and moral The tragedy of the tragedy in the framework of the alienation into a comedy or pleasure. In short, people all intentionally or unintentionally played down the extreme pessimistic effect of tragedy in portraying misery, and tragedy gained its legitimacy through the comedy of tragedy. The essence of art should also be the true manifestation of existence rather than its cover.