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一、20世纪抽象艺术(一)情感表现性在抽象艺术的发掘自达尔文开创性的《人类和动物的情感表现》发表以来,心理学家们已经习惯用“情感的”或“表现的”特征去认识和了解事物。在我们欣赏一幅艺术作品时,对于画面中的形象,我们也可以用上述特质去理解。但是在西方传统具象绘画相当长的一段时期里,艺术作品的表现性特征主要存在于对画面具体形象的描绘中,而绘画元素本身如形式、色彩、线条、结构等元素作为构造画面虚幻形象的手段和媒介且被忽视,没有自身独立的意义。随着形式主义理论的发展,艺术家们才意识到抽象艺术中的绘画元素也会具有表现性的效果,于是开始挖掘和追求形式自身的内在生命力,即情感表现性。(二)20世纪抽象派的创建尽管抽象主义艺术存在至今仍未被准确而全面地理解,但有一个无可争辩的事实:抽象艺术是20世纪中的主流线,时兴线。抽象艺术同现象学一样,标志着这一世纪里认识上最具意义的革命。
A. Abstract Art of the 20th Century A. Emotional Expression In the excavation of abstract art since Darwin’s groundbreaking “Emotional Manifestations of Human beings and Animals”, psychologists have become accustomed to using “emotional” or “” expressions "Features to recognize and understand things. When we enjoy a piece of art, we can also use the above characteristics to understand the image in the picture. However, during the relatively long period of traditional western figurative painting, the expressive features of the works of art mainly exist in the portrayal of the concrete image of the painting, while the elements of the painting itself such as form, color, line, structure and so on constitute the illusory image of the painting Means and media are neglected and do not have their own independent meaning. With the development of the theory of formalism, artists realized that the elements of painting in abstract art would also have the expressive effect, and began to excavate and pursue the intrinsic vitality of form itself, namely, emotional expression. (B) the creation of abstract circles in the 20th century Although the existence of abstract art has not yet been accurately and comprehensively understood, but there is an indisputable fact: Abstract art is the mainstream line in the 20th century, fashionable line. Like phenomenology, abstract art symbolizes the most significant revolution of understanding in this century.