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目的了解医务人员血源性传染病职业暴露的认知、心理状态,探讨其有效的预防模式及心理干预对策。方法采用回顾性问卷调查2009年1-12月医院30名血源性传染疾病针刺伤后医务人员及实习生的认知、心理状态,并进行描述性统计分析。结果 100.00%医务人员知晓处理针刺伤的正确措施,10.00%实习生不知晓正确的处理措施;69.80%暴露者担心传染上艾滋病,20.20%担心感染乙型肝炎或丙型肝炎,30.00%惧怕感染其他传染病;50.00%被调查者在血液传播性疾病针刺伤时表现为惧怕,16.67%表现为恐惧,10.00%为悲伤心理;针刺伤后再次进行类似操作时36.67%被调查者表现为紧张焦虑但能正常工作心理,16.67%为无法正常工作。结论医务人员血源性传染病针刺伤职业暴露后存在心理障碍,尚缺乏有效的支持体系,因此采取及时有效的心理干预和防护措施是必要的。
Objective To understand the cognition and psychological status of occupational exposure to blood-borne infectious diseases among medical staff and to find out the effective preventive mode and psychological intervention measures. Methods A retrospective questionnaire was used to investigate the cognitive and psychological status of 30 medical staff and trainees who were stabbed at the hospital from January to December in 2009 and to carry out descriptive statistical analysis. Results 100.00% of medical staff were aware of the correct measures to deal with acupuncture injuries, 10.00% of trainees did not know the correct treatment measures, 69.80% of those who were exposed were infected with AIDS, 20.20% were worried about hepatitis B or C and 30.00% were afraid of infection Other communicable diseases; 50.00% of the respondents showed fear of needle-piercing blood-borne diseases, 16.67% of them showed fear and 10.00% of them were sad; 36.67% of the respondents showed as Tension but anxiety can work normally, 16.67% can not work properly. Conclusion Needle stab wounds of medical staff have psychological barriers after occupational exposure, and there is no effective support system for them. Therefore, it is necessary to take timely and effective psychological intervention and protective measures.