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自阿波罗宇宙飞船成功地对地球进行摄影之后,从太空研究地球资源的设想已变为现实。1965年,美国国家航空和宇宙航行局(NASA)制定了一项地球资源勘测计划。此后,这项计划便陆续由双子座、阿波罗、太空实验室宇宙飞船以及航天飞机,特别是陆地卫星和NOAA系列卫星付诸实施。 陆地卫星为常规地质填图及矿产资源勘探提供了详尽的资料,NOAA环境卫星(分辨率较低)为作进一步区域评价提供了遥感信息。近来,海洋卫星和航天飞机又试装了一种新式雷达成象系统,其主要用途是做构造地质填图。
Since the Apollo spacecraft successfully photographed the Earth, the idea of studying Earth’s resources from space has become a reality. In 1965, the United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) developed a plan for Earth’s resources survey. Since then, the program will be followed by Gemini, Apollo, space laboratory spacecraft and space shuttle, especially the Landsat and NOAA series of satellites to be implemented. Terrestrial satellites provide detailed information on conventional geological mapping and exploration of mineral resources. The NOAA Environmental Satellites (with lower resolution) provide remote sensing information for further regional assessments. Recently, marine satellites and spacecrafts have also tried out a new type of radar imaging system, the main purpose of which is to make structural geological mapping.