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目的研究国产液体与冻干狂犬病疫苗的副反应和免疫原性。方法对850例暴露狂犬病病人进行常规5针注射,分别是345例使用Vero细胞液体狂犬病疫苗,505例使用Vero细胞冻干狂犬病疫苗,观察每针注射后的局部副反应和全身副反应,在免疫后14d～42d(全程注射后14d)用间接免疫荧光法检测抗体水平。结果液体与冻干狂犬病疫苗局部副反应分别为14.2%、6.0%,全身副反应发生率分别为4.9%、2.4%,免疫14d后抗体阳性率分别是62.5%、89.9%,免疫42d后抗体阳性率分别为97.7%、98.6%。结论国产冻干狂犬病疫苗的副反应和免疫原性优于液体狂犬病疫苗。
Objective To study the side effects and immunogenicity of domestic liquid and lyophilized rabies vaccine. Methods A total of 850 patients with rabies exposed to conventional 5-needle injections were enrolled in this study. 345 cases were rabies vaccine with Vero cell liquid and 505 cases were rabies vaccine with Vero cell. The side effects and systemic side effects after injection were observed. After 14d ~ 42d (14d after injection), the antibody level was detected by indirect immunofluorescence. Results The rates of side effects of liquid and lyophilized rabies vaccine were 14.2% and 6.0% respectively, and the incidences of systemic side effects were 4.9% and 2.4% respectively. The antibody positive rates after immunization for 14 days were 62.5% and 89.9% respectively. After 42 days of immunization, the antibodies were positive The rates were 97.7% and 98.6% respectively. Conclusion The domestic rabies vaccine has better side effects and immunogenicity than the liquid rabies vaccine.