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为探明在低温胁迫下寒地粳稻群体的株型特征,选用黑龙江省稻区30份主栽品种和苗头品系,利用冷水灌溉在孕穗期进行低温胁迫处理,研究冷水胁迫下株型特征及其与产量构成的关系。结果表明,低温处理导致所有试材每穴实粒数、结实率、千粒重和产量下降,根据相对结实率分为1,3,5,7,9级,其中以5级和7级最多(占总材料的30%),1级最少(占总材料的10%)。冷水胁迫处理后,7级和9级材料颈穗弯曲度、每穗干重、着粒密度、杆长、节间长、倒一和倒二叶披垂度的冷水反应指数(CRI)小于1,且比1级和3级材料更容易受到冷水胁迫的负面影响,1,2次枝梗数的CRI值<1,但比1级和3级材料的冷水胁迫反应迟钝。相关分析表明,相对结实率与每穗干重、着粒密度和颈穗弯曲度的CRI值呈极显著正相关。可见,品种(系)的耐冷性强弱与穗部性状在低温反应的变化密切相关,即品种(系)的耐冷性越弱,颈穗弯曲度、每穗干重、着粒密度对低温反应越敏感。
In order to find out the plant type characteristics of cold japonica rice population under cold stress, 30 main cultivars and shoots of rice in Heilongjiang Province were selected for cold stress irrigation at booting stage. The characteristics of plant type under cold water stress And the relationship between production and composition. The results showed that the low temperature treatment resulted in the decrease of the number of grains per plant, seed setting rate, grain weight per plant and yield of all tested materials, which were divided into 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 grades according to the relative seed setting rate, of which 5 and 7 30% of the total material), Level 1 least (10% of the total material). After cold water stress, the cold water response index (CRI) of 7th grade and 9th grade of neck sclerosis, dry weight per ear, grain density, stem length, internode length, , And more negatively affected by the cold water stress than the first and third grade materials. The CRI values of the first and second branch numbers were less than 1, but they were more sluggish than the cold water stress of the first and third grade materials. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between relative seed setting rate and CRI per grain dry weight, grain density and neck curvature. It can be seen that the cold tolerance of varieties (lines) is closely related to the changes of panicle traits at low temperature, that is, the weaker cold tolerance of cultivars (lines), the curvature of neck panicle, dry weight per panicle, The more sensitive.