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目的了解广州市学校突发公共卫生事件的流行病学特征,为制定预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法应用描述流行病学方法,对广州市2006—2012年间报告的学校突发公共卫生事件进行统计分析。结果 2006—2012年广州市共报告学校突发公共卫生事件461起,发病17 996例,平均罹患率为2.92%,以水痘、流行性感冒、手足口病等传染病类事件(83.51%)为主。3,4,6,9,12月是高发月份(62.91%);基础教育阶段学校(小学、托幼机构和中学)突发事件多发(91.32%),但普通高校的年平均事件发生率最高(4.90%);越秀区、天河区、黄埔区多发(47.07%),黄埔区基础教育阶段学校年平均事件发生率最高(10.35%)。结论学校是突发公共卫生事件的高发场所,应进一步加强学校卫生工作和重点传染病的防控。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies in schools in Guangzhou and to provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the school-based public health emergencies reported in Guangzhou from 2006 to 2012. Results From 2006 to 2012, a total of 461 school-based public health emergencies were reported in Guangzhou city, 17 996 cases were reported. The average attack rate was 2.92%. The incidence of infectious diseases such as chickenpox, influenza and HFMD was 83.51% the Lord. In March, April, June, September and December, the number of high incidence was 62.91%. There were many emergencies (91.32%) in elementary education schools (elementary schools, nurseries and secondary schools), but the highest average annual incidence was (4.90%). In Yuexiu District, Tianhe District and Huangpu District, the incidence was high (47.07%). The incidence of school-based average annual events in Huangpu District was the highest (10.35%). Conclusion The school is a high incidence of public health emergencies, schools should further strengthen the prevention and control of health and infectious diseases.