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本文用近交克隆系(Close cloned)大鼠研究了内源性Laminin和Fibronectin对周围神经的再生轴突及非神经元的雪旺氏细胞、成纤维细胞等的作用和影响。将从供体鼠获得的坐骨神中段经冷冻、加热处理后再用Laminin或Fibronectin抗血清处理;对照组则用正常兔血清处理。将处理后的神经段(10mm)分别植入三组受体鼠体内,术后不同时期取材,电镜观察。术后15天,抗Laminin组和抗Fibronectin组的轴突总数,只有对照组的50%左右。对照组和抗Fibronectin组约90%的轴突走在基底膜管内,而抗Laminin组,再生轴突似不能识别基底膜而生长在基底膜管外。轴突生长总是先于雪旺氏细胞的迁移,而后雪旺氏细胞才生长粘附并包绕轴突。成纤维细胞能够识别伴随有雪旺氏细胞的轴突,并形成神经周膜包绕这些轴突,但它们不能识别空陷的基底膜管,只有当组织中缺乏Fibronectin时,增生的成纤维细胞方在基底膜管外形成神经周膜。在缺乏Laminin的神经段内,巨噬细胞不仅大量增生,还有包随走在基底膜管外单个轴突的趋向。这些结果提示在神经再生的早期,内源性Laminin和Fibronectin不但调节再生神经纤维的生长,对在神经损伤和再生中起重要作用的巨噬细胞和成纤维细胞也有积极的影响。
In this study, the effects of endogenous Laminin and Fibronectin on Schwann cells, fibroblasts and so on in axonal and non-neuronal regeneration of peripheral nerves were studied in a cloned close cloned rat. The middle part of the sciatic nerve obtained from donor mice was frozen, heat-treated, and then treated with Laminin or Fibronectin antiserum. The control group was treated with normal rabbit serum. The treated nerve segments (10mm) were implanted into three groups of recipients, respectively. The specimens were harvested at different time points and observed under electron microscope. Fifteen days after surgery, the total number of axons in the anti-Laminin and anti-Fibronectin groups was only about 50% of the control. About 90% of axons in the control and anti-Fibronectin groups walk in the basilar membrane, while in the anti-Laminin group, the regenerating axon does not appear to recognize the basilar membrane and grows outside the basilar membrane. Axonal growth always precedes Schwann cell migration, and Schwann cells then grow to adhere and wrap around axons. Fibroblasts are able to recognize axons that accompany Schwann cells and form a peripheral nerve membrane that surrounds these axons, but they do not recognize the hollow basement membrane tube. Only when Fibronectin is absent in the tissue, fibroblasts proliferate Side of the basement canal to form a peripheral nerve membrane. In the absence of Laminin, macrophages proliferate not only in large numbers but also in individual axons outside the basement canal. These results suggest that in the early stage of nerve regeneration, endogenous Laminin and Fibronectin not only regulate the growth of regenerated nerve fibers, but also have a positive effect on macrophages and fibroblasts that play an important role in nerve injury and regeneration.