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货币供应量是一国在某一时点上为社会经济运转服务的货币存量,它的增长必须与经济增长相适应,这样才能促进国民经济稳定持续的发展。CPI是一定时期内居民所消费商品及服务项目的价格水平的变动趋势和变动程度,它受经济增长率和货币供应量的影响,货币供应量主要通过物价水平影响CPI。由于货币供应量的三个层次M0、M1、M2所涵盖的范围不同,各个内部组成因素对物价水平的影响程度不一,因而M0、M1、M2对CPI的影响过程与效果也不同。
Money supply is a stock of money that a country serves for social and economic operation at a certain point in time. Its growth must be compatible with economic growth so as to promote the steady and sustained development of the national economy. CPI is the price trend and degree of price changes of goods and services consumed by residents in a certain period. It is affected by the economic growth rate and the money supply. The money supply mainly affects the CPI through the price level. As the three levels of money supply, M0, M1 and M2, have different coverage, the impact of internal factors on the price level is different, so the process and effect of M0, M1 and M2 on CPI are also different.