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陕北现有百万立方米以上水库138座,总库容是19.95亿立方米,有效灌溉面积21.67万亩,这些水库在促进农业增产及防汛、水产等方面,发挥了一定作用。但是,由于陕北地处黄土高原,地形破碎、暴雨集中,水土流失十分严重(年输入黄河泥沙6.7亿吨)、水库淤积问题矛盾突出,百万立方米以上水库现已淤积库容6.41亿立方米,占总库容的32.2％,平均每年淤积5000万立方米,如绥德后街、延安市丁庄等水库建成一个汛期就淤平报废,因而如何解决好水库防淤排沙问题,就成为水库建设和管理工作中一个十分重要的任务。
There are 138 reservoirs above 1 million cubic meters in northern Shaanxi with a total storage capacity of 1,995 million cubic meters and an effective irrigated area of 216,700 mu. These reservoirs have played a certain role in promoting agricultural production, flood control and fisheries. However, since the northern Shaanxi is located in the Loess Plateau, the terrain is fragmented and heavy rain is concentrated with serious soil erosion (annual import of sediment from the Yellow River is 670 million tons). The problem of reservoir siltation is contradictory. There are 641 million cubic meters of silted storage capacity of reservoirs above 1 million cubic meters M, accounting for 32.2% of the total storage capacity, an average of 50 million cubic meters of siltation on an annual basis, such as Suide Backstreet, Yan’an Dingzhuang and other reservoirs completed a flood season on the flat, so how to solve the reservoir anti-silt sand problem becomes Reservoir construction and management of a very important task.