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目的观察番石榴叶水提物降低妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)大鼠血糖的作用,并探讨其可能的作用机制。方法选用妊娠5 d的Wistar大鼠,以链脲佐菌素(STZ,35 mg·kg~(-1))溶液尾静脉注射,注射72 h后,测空腹血糖(FBG),FBG在11.1 mmol·L~(-1)以上者为GDM模型。将模型大鼠随机分成GDM模型组、番石榴叶水提物组(高剂量)、番石榴叶水提物组(低剂量)和二甲双胍组,每组8只。另取8只正常妊娠大鼠,作为妊娠对照组。2周后观察大鼠FBG、C-反应蛋白(CRP)及肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)的变化情况。结果在改善血糖、CRP及TNF-α指标方面,二甲双胍组优于番石榴水提物组,但与番石榴水提物组(高剂量)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与GDM模型组比较,除番石榴水提物组(低剂量)的CRP水平降低不显著外(P>0.05),番石榴叶水提物组(高剂量)、番石榴叶水提物组(低剂量)及二甲双胍组FBG、CRP和TNF-α均明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论番石榴叶水提物与西药二甲双胍有近似的降糖作用,能有效改善妊娠期糖尿病大鼠的血糖水平,其作用机制可能与调节CRP及TNF-α的水平有关。
Objective To observe the effect of aqueous extract of guava leaf on reducing blood glucose in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) rats and to explore its possible mechanism. Methods Wistar rats of 5 days of gestation were injected with STZ (35 mg · kg -1) into the tail vein for 72 hours. After fasting blood glucose (FBG) and FBG were measured at 11.1 mmol * L ~ (-1) or more for the GDM model. The model rats were randomly divided into GDM model group, Guava leaf water extract group (high dose), Guava leaf water extract group (low dose) and metformin group, with 8 rats in each group. Another eight normal pregnant rats, as gestational control group. After 2 weeks, the changes of FBG, C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) in rats were observed. Results Metformin group was better than guava water extract group in improving blood sugar, CRP and TNF-α, but there was no significant difference with guava water extract group (high dose) (P> 0.05). Compared with GDM model (P> 0.05), except the guava leaf water extract group (high dose), the guava leaf water extract group (low dose) And metformin group FBG, CRP and TNF-α were significantly lower, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The aqueous extract of guava leaf has a similar hypoglycemic effect with western medicine metformin, which can effectively improve the blood glucose level in gestational diabetic rats. The mechanism may be related to the regulation of CRP and TNF-α.