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海洋牧业(Ocean Ranching),有人称海洋生物培殖业,虽然历史很短,却已显示出广阔的前景与旺盛的生命力,并将在未来的水产品生产中起着日益重要的作用。采取海洋牧业这一方式开发利用生物资源,既可以达到人为地控制种群数量,又可定向选择食物链级次较低的种类来进行人工补充其后代,或移殖优良品种使其定居,以致逐步在某一生物群落中占据优势。这样就能高效利用水域的初级生产力,将某一海区终极水产品的产量成倍或几倍甚至十数倍地提高。 海洋水产生产农牧化的意义、内容与进展,作者等已在有关著作中作了评选与讨论。本文着重讨论海洋牧业的理论基础,评述一些典型例证,并谈谈今后发展的总趋势。
Ocean Ranching, some claim to marine living, has a long history but shows great prospects and strong vitality and will play an increasingly important role in the future production of aquatic products. Exploitation and utilization of biological resources through marine animal husbandry can not only artificially control the population but also selectively select lower-level food chain species for artificial replenishment of their offspring or colonization of elite varieties so as to gradually In a biological community dominated. In this way, the primary productivity of the waters can be utilized efficiently and the output of the ultimate aquatic product in a certain sea area can be doubled or even increased by a factor of ten. The significance, content and progress of marine aquaculture farming and animal husbandry, the author has been selected and discussed in the book. This article focuses on the theoretical basis of marine animal husbandry, reviews some typical examples and talks about the general trend of future development.