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原子中的电子和核既然是带相反电荷的粒子,为什么电子不掉到核上?一般看来,这似乎正如地球绕太阳运行时,太阳对地球的引力与地球运转时产生的离心力相等,从而地球不会掉到太阳上一样,电子也由于自身运转时的离心力与核对它的电引力相等而不掉到核上。但是,这种理解是十分幼稚的。因为电子和地球存在着巨大的差别。若按经典物理学来考虑,如在氢原子中,电子的轨道半径为10~(-8)cm,电子在轨道上的运行速度达10~8cm/s,
Since electrons and nuclei in an atom are oppositely charged particles, why electrons do not fall on the nuclei? In general, it seems that just as the earth orbits the sun, the sun’s gravitational force on the earth is equal to the centrifugal force generated by the earth’s movement. The Earth does not fall into the sun, and electrons do not fall into the nucleus due to the fact that the centrifugal force of its own operation is equal to the electric gravitational force that checks it. However, this understanding is very naive. Because there is a huge difference between electronics and the earth. According to classical physics, for example, in hydrogen atoms, the orbit radius of electrons is 10~(-8)cm, and the speed of electrons in orbit is 10~8cm/s.