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目的探讨广西靖西县中小学校甲型H1N1流感爆发疫情的原因及流行病学特征。方法对本起甲型H1N1流感爆发疫情进行现场流行病学调查分析和实验室采样检测。结果 2009年10月21日-12月31日,全县共有27所中小学校发生疫情,发病1491例,患者临床表现为发热(体温≥38℃),咳嗽、咽痛、咯痰、流涕、鼻塞、头痛、全身酸痛、乏力、咽喉充血、扁桃体肿大等特征,发病率7.64%,无重症病例和死亡病例。共采集病例咽拭子标本57人份,检测出甲型H1N1流感病毒核酸阳性38例。根据患者的临床症状与体征、流行病学调查、实验室检测,确定为一起甲型H1N1流感暴发疫情。结论经及时启动突发公共卫生事件应急预案,采取及时隔离治疗患者、学校停课、放假等综合性防控措施,使甲型H1N1流感暴发疫情得到了有效控制。
Objective To investigate the causes and epidemiological characteristics of the outbreak of influenza A (H1N1) in primary and secondary schools in Jingxi County, Guangxi Province. Methods The epidemic outbreak of influenza A (H1N1) was conducted on-site epidemiological investigation and laboratory sampling. Results From October 21, 2009 to December 31, 2009, a total of 27 primary and secondary schools in the county were affected with an outbreak of 1491 cases. Their clinical manifestations were fever (body temperature ≥38 ℃), cough, sore throat, expectoration, runny nose, Nasal congestion, headache, body aches, fatigue, throat congestion, tonsil enlargement and other characteristics, the incidence rate of 7.64%, no severe cases and deaths. A total of 57 cases of throat swabs were collected and 38 cases were positive for influenza A (H1N1) virus. According to the patient’s clinical symptoms and signs, epidemiological investigations, laboratory tests, identified as an outbreak of influenza A H1N1 influenza. Conclusions After the emergency plan for public health emergencies was started in a timely manner, comprehensive prevention and control measures such as the timely isolation and treatment of patients, school closures and holidays were put under effective control of the outbreak of influenza A (H1N1).