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采用梯度升温法对聚丙烯腈(PAN)纤维进行预氧化,将各温区预氧化纤维在90%二甲基亚砜(DMSO)水溶液中进行超声蚀刻处理。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电镜(SEM)等方法分析了超声蚀刻处理对各温区纤维化学结构、原纤结构以及性能的影响。结果表明:超声蚀刻处理对各温区预氧化纤维的化学结构没有影响;195～245℃预氧化纤维经超声蚀刻处理后,出现分离的原纤结构;超声蚀刻处理后,各温区纤维的线密度都不同程度的增加,其中,255℃预氧化纤维线密度增幅最大且为最高值;各温区纤维的抗拉强度较超声蚀刻处理前同温区的纤维都明显降低,255℃预氧化纤维降幅最大且抗拉强度为最低值。
The polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers were pre-oxidized by gradient-heating method, and the pre-oxidized fibers in each temperature zone were subjected to ultrasonic etching in a 90% aqueous solution of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). The effects of ultrasonic etching on the chemical structure, fibril structure and properties of fibers in each temperature zone were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that ultrasonic etching had no effect on the chemical structure of the preoxidized fibers. The pretreated fibers at 195-245 ℃ were ultrasonically etched, and the fibril structure was separated. After ultrasonic etching, The linear density of pre-oxidized fiber at 255 ℃ is the highest and the highest value. The tensile strength of each fiber in pre-oxidized fiber is obviously lower than that of pre-oxidized fiber at pre-oxidation temperature. The pre-oxidized fiber at 255 ℃ The largest decline and the lowest tensile strength.