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目的:为了解目前我国城乡孕妇在文化状况、孕期健康教育、孕前检查等方面的差异对胎儿体重、分娩方式的选择及母婴结局的影响。方法:随机选择2009年11月在湖北省咸宁市通城县人民医院产科住院分娩的初产妇243名与武汉市妇幼保健院产科住院分娩的初产妇196名,比较他们的初婚年龄、孕育年龄、产前检查和时间、接受产前健康教育情况、胎儿出生体重、产妇分娩前后合并症等进行比较。结果:通城县孕妇普遍初婚早、孕育年龄偏小,产前检查次数明显少于武汉市孕妇,基本未接受过产前健康教育,其胎儿体重普遍偏高,产妇分娩后产后出血发生较多、产后阴道撕裂发生较多,子痫发生率高,比较均有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论:应对农村妇女加强产前健康教育,完善产前保健体系,以保证孕产妇健康,改善母婴结局。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the influence of the differences in fetal weight, mode of delivery and maternal and infant outcomes among pregnant women in urban and rural areas in China at present in terms of cultural status, health education during pregnancy and pre-pregnancy examination. Methods: A total of 243 primiparae women and obstetrics and gynecology women in hospital of obstetrics and gynecology of Tongcheng County People’s Hospital, Xianning City, Hubei Province, were randomly selected. A total of 196 primiparous women were delivered to the obstetrics and gynecology department of Wuhan MCH Hospital in November 2009 to compare their first marriage age, Prenatal care and time, prenatal health education, birth weight, maternal complications before and after childbirth were compared. Results: The pregnant women in Tongcheng County were generally first married early, the gestational age was small, the number of prenatal examinations was significantly less than that of Wuhan pregnant women, basic prenatal health education was not received, their fetus weight was generally high, and postpartum hemorrhage occurred more frequently , Postpartum vaginal tear occurred more, high incidence of eclampsia, compared with statistical differences (P <0.05). Conclusion: The prenatal health education should be strengthened for rural women and the antenatal care system should be perfected so as to ensure the maternal health and improve the maternal and infant outcomes.