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中国东北典型黑土区农业小流域的微地形特征对土壤物理特性、作物初期生长呈现显著影响。研究将东北黑土区典型农业小流域划分为3类典型景观地块:坡顶高地、坡地和坡底洼地,跟踪了流域内不同景观地块土壤物理性质时空差异及其对大豆(Glycine max)籽粒萌发和初期生长的影响。结果表明:播种后洼地土壤耕作层土壤回温较慢,大豆籽粒萌发和幼苗高度以及发芽率明显低于坡顶高地。流域内3类典型地块的土壤容重和土壤水分在时间和空间上存在显著差异(P<0.05)。研究结果可为流域尺度农田生态系统空间差异管理的理论框架提供数据支持。
The microtopography characteristics of agricultural watersheds in a typical black soil area in northeastern China have significant effects on soil physical properties and initial crop growth. The typical agricultural small watersheds in the black soil region of Northeast China were divided into three types of typical landscapes: the top of the hill, the slope and the bottom of the slope. The spatial and temporal differences in the physical properties of the soil in different landscape plots and their effects on the grain yield of Glycine max Effects of germination and initial growth. The results showed that the soil temperature of the soils in the sown depression was slower, the seed germination, seedling height and germination rate of soybean were lower than those in the top of the hill. There were significant differences in soil bulk density and soil moisture in time and space between the three typical plots in the basin (P <0.05). The results can provide data support for the theoretical framework of spatial heterogeneity management of farmland ecosystems.