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目的了解儿童步行者交通伤害的流行特征,为预防和控制儿童交通伤害提供政策依据。方法采取分层整群抽样的方法 ,抽取广州市12所小学全体在校生13 645名,采用统一设计的调查表进行调查。结果儿童步行者发生道路交通伤害年发生(人)率为8.4%,男生高于女生(x2=56.32,P=0.000),民办学校明显高于重点和普通学校(x2=34.07,P=0.000)。下午16:00~17:00为伤害高峰,占45.4%,住宅区道路(27.1%)和人行道(26.1%)是伤害的主要场所。伤害最常见的部位是下肢(45.6%),20.8%的步行者出现功能损失。致伤的主要车辆是自行车(占37.3%);驾驶员(49.5%)和步行者(39.5%)的过失是造成伤害的主要原因。结论应针对不同性别、不同人群开展多种形式的健康教育,减少儿童发生道路交通伤害。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of traffic injuries among children walkers and provide policy basis for prevention and control of child traffic injuries. Methods By stratified cluster sampling, 13 645 students were enrolled in all 12 primary schools in Guangzhou City. The questionnaires with unified design were used to investigate. Results The incidence of road traffic injuries among children and adolescents was 8.4% and higher than that of girls (x2 = 56.32, P = 0.000). Private schools were significantly higher than those of key schools and ordinary schools (x2 = 34.07, P = 0.000) . The peak was between 16: 00-17: 00, accounting for 45.4%. Residential roads (27.1%) and sidewalks (26.1%) were the main areas of injury. The most common site of injury was lower extremity (45.6%), with 20.8% of pedestrians having functional loss. The main vehicle was injured bicycle (37.3%); driver (49.5%) and pedestrians (39.5%) were the main causes of injury damage. Conclusions Various forms of health education should be conducted for different genders and different populations to reduce road traffic injuries in children.