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目的观察氡吸入染毒小鼠肺及支气管组织的病理学改变、肺细胞凋亡及p53蛋白表达的变化。方法建立氡染毒小鼠模型,观察吸入不同剂量即30和60个工作水平月(WLM)和不同时间段(24 h、30 d、90 d和180 d)氡小鼠肺组织的病理变化;采用TUNEL法检测小鼠肺上皮细胞凋亡程度;用W estern-b lot技术测定小鼠肺及支气管组织p53蛋白的表达水平。结果病理学结果显示,染毒后肺组织的病理表现存在多样性和时相性,早期为急性损伤性反应,后期演变为上皮细胞及肺间质成纤维细胞的增生及组织的纤维化;随着染毒剂量的增加和染毒后随着时间的延续,小鼠肺组织中的肺上皮细胞凋亡指数及p53蛋白表达量比对照组明显升高。结论氡吸入染毒可对小鼠肺造成不同类型的病理损伤,p53在氡吸入导致的肺上皮细胞凋亡过程中可能起到了一定的作用。
Objective To observe the pathological changes of lung and bronchial tissue in lungs exposed to radon inhalation and the changes of lung cell apoptosis and p53 protein expression. Methods The radon exposed mouse model was established and the pathological changes in lungs of radon mice exposed to different doses of WLM and different time periods (24 h, 30 d, 90 d and 180 d) were observed. TUNEL method was used to detect the apoptosis of mouse lung epithelial cells. The expression of p53 protein in lung and bronchial tissues of mice was detected by Western blot. Results The pathology results showed that the pathological manifestations of the lung tissue after exposure were diverse and time-phased. The early acute injury reaction evolved into the proliferation of epithelial cells and pulmonary interstitial fibroblasts and the fibrosis of tissues. Compared with the control group, the apoptosis index and the expression of p53 protein in the lung tissue of mice increased significantly with the increase of exposure dose and the prolongation of exposure time. Conclusion Exposure to inhalation of radon can cause different types of pathological damage in mouse lung, and p53 may play a role in the apoptosis of lung epithelial cells induced by radon inhalation.