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目的了解儿童呼吸道感染的病原菌及耐药情况,为临床药物治疗提供参考。方法对我院2009年1-12月住院的1518例下呼吸道感染的患儿痰标本进行培养和药敏试验。结果 1518例痰标本检出致病菌1032株,阳性率为67.98%,检出最高菌株为大肠埃希菌370株(35.86%),其次为肺炎克雷伯菌361株(34.99%),真菌78株(7.56%),鲍氏不动杆菌35株(3.39%),肺炎链球菌36株(3.49%),金黄色葡萄球菌32株(3.10%),铜绿假单胞菌27株(2.62%),其他肠杆菌20株(1.94%)。耐药情况:大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌对氨苄西林耐药率最高,分别为88.65%、89.20%。金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素G耐药率最高84.38%。肺炎链球菌对克林霉素的耐药率最高88.89%,铜绿假单胞菌对氨苄西林的耐药率最高92.59%。结论临床应重视病原菌检测及药敏试验,合理使用抗生素,预防细菌耐药性的增加。
Objective To understand the pathogens and drug resistance of children with respiratory tract infection and provide reference for clinical drug treatment. Methods The sputum samples of 1518 children with lower respiratory tract infection hospitalized in our hospital from January to December 2009 were cultured and tested for drug susceptibility. Results A total of 1032 pathogenic bacteria were detected in 1518 sputum specimens, the positive rate was 67.98%. The highest strains were identified as 370 strains of Escherichia coli (35.86%), followed by 361 strains (34.99%) of Klebsiella pneumoniae, 78 (7.56%), 35 (3.39%) Acinetobacter baumannii, 36 strains (3.49%) of S. pneumoniae, 32 strains (3.10%) of Staphylococcus aureus, 27 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2.62% ) And 20 other Enterobacteriaceae (1.94%). Drug resistance: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae ampicillin resistant rates were the highest, respectively, 88.65%, 89.20%. Staphylococcus aureus penicillin G resistance rate of 84.38%. Streptococcus pneumoniae clindamycin resistance rate of up to 88.89%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance to ampicillin 92.59%. Conclusion Clinical should pay attention to the detection of pathogenic bacteria and drug susceptibility testing, rational use of antibiotics to prevent the increase of bacterial resistance.