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人类需要蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、水、盐类及各种维生素营养,以维持正常生活机能,促进身体的生长发育,这些营养成分的供给以满足其需要为限度,过量不但对健康无益,甚至可引起疾病。蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物所供给的热量有一定的比例关系,过食或偏食可引起肥胖或营养不良,甚至影响寿命。维生素有水溶性及脂溶性两类。水溶性维生素在身体很少贮存,过量可从尿中排泄,脂溶性维生素如维生素A、D、K可贮存于肝脏,长期过量可引起积潴中毒,一次大量也可急性致病。维生素缺乏长久以来已为人们所重视,实际上维生素过量中毒较维生素缺乏的错误更大,应引起我们的警惕。
Humans need protein, fat, carbohydrates, water, salt and various vitamins to maintain normal life functions and to promote the growth and development of the body. The supply of these nutrients is limited to meet their needs. Excess is not only not good for health, Can cause disease. Protein, fat, carbohydrates have a certain proportion of calories, over-eating or partial eclipse can cause obesity or malnutrition, and even affect life expectancy. Vitamins are water-soluble and fat-soluble two types. Water-soluble vitamins seldom stored in the body, excessive excretion from the urine, fat-soluble vitamins such as vitamins A, D, K can be stored in the liver, long-term overdose can cause accumulation of poisoning, a large number can also be acute disease. Lack of vitamin has long been valued by people. In fact, vitamin M is more toxic than vitamin L deficiency and should arouse our vigilance.