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器官移植是现代医学尚未完全解决的重大课题之一。自本世纪初,已有很多人致力于阐明同种移植排斥反应的机制及探讨抑制免疫方法等方面的研究,并且取得了一定的成就。由于肾移植的适应症较多,手术操作简单,病理改变容易观察,所以许多人以肾脏为移植工作的研究对象。随着抑制免疫措施和血液透析方法的进步,近20年来,同种肾移植已经初步进入临床应用阶段。但是,直到目前为止,根据世界各地总的统计,在免疫抑制剂的控制下,尸体供肾达到两年存活率的约为40％,组织型相近的同胞肾达到两年
Organ transplantation is one of the major topics that modern medicine has not yet completely solved. Since the beginning of this century, many people have devoted themselves to elucidating the mechanism of allograft rejection and exploring ways of inhibiting immunity. Some achievements have been made. Due to the many indications of renal transplantation, surgical operation is simple, easy to observe the pathological changes, so many people with kidney transplantation for the study. With the progress of immunosuppressive measures and hemodialysis methods, the same kind of kidney transplant has entered the clinical application stage in the recent 20 years. However, so far, according to the statistics of the world, under the control of immunosuppressive agents, the donor kidney of the cadaver reaches about 40% of the two-year survival rate and the sibling kidney tissue of the same type achieves two years