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基于手机用户上网数据,提出了一种衡量基站在不同时段接入用户数波动性的对比分析方法——最大距离准则.利用基站接入用户数标准差的累积概率分布来表征某地区基站接入用户数量的整体波动情况,并通过基于Bootstrapping的K-S检验来衡量不同时段波动的差异大小.数值仿真验证了该方法的有效性.利用该方法对我国两个地级市手机用户上网实测数据的分析发现,基站接入用户数的波动性不仅随地区和时间不同而异,也与基站所处的场景有关.对结果的分析揭示了我国城乡发展现状以及人口结构特征,为城市规划以及基础设施的合理配置和资源分配提供了可供参考的依据.“,”Based on mobile cellular data, a method called maximum distance criterion is proposed for analyzing the difference of accessed user volatility between base stations (BS),which is achieved by the cumulative probability distribution difference of standard deviations of mobile Internet users on each BS of different datasets. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test is introduced to measure the degree of the difference. Numerical simulation verified the effectiveness of the method. Then we utilize the method to analyze the real mobile cellular data of two cities in China. The results show that the accessed user volatility of BS is related not only with space and time, but also with social situations. Analysis of the results reveals the collective movements of mobile Internet users, which is tightly related to the current situation of urban and rural development of China.