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目的分析2009—2014年邢台市乙(B)型流行性感冒(流感)病毒流行情况,为科学预防和控制流感提供依据。方法采集2009年6月—2014年5月流感样病例(ILI)的咽拭子标本,采用实时荧光定量RT-PCR方法检测B型流感病毒核酸,以每年6月至次年5月为监测周期进行统计分析。结果 5个监测周期采集ILI咽拭子标本分别为1 392、513、642、628和1 185份,B型流感病毒核酸阳性率分别为8.33%、0.39%、12.31%、0.00%和6.50%,阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=121.9,P<0.05)。5个监测周期内出现3次B型流感流行高峰期,分别为2010年1月、2012年2月和2014年3月,阳性率分别为40.63%、49.59%和30.52%,流行期分别为2009年12月—2010年5月、2012年1—3月和2013年12月—2014年4月。其中,2010年6月—2011年5月和2012年6月—2013年5月低水平或未流行。0~、5~、15~、25~和60~年龄组的阳性率分别为5.00%,12.73%、4.06%、4.50%和4.76%,阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=82.05,P<0.05)。5~年龄组阳性率最高,15~年龄组阳性率最低。结论 2009—2014年邢台市B型流感呈现隔年流行的特点,流行期为当年的12月至次年的4月,高峰期出现在1—3月,5~年龄组为易感人群。为更好地防控流感,及时掌握流行趋势,仍需加强监测。
Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of influenza B (influenza) B in Xingtai City from 2009 to 2014, and provide basis for scientific prevention and control of influenza. Methods Throat swab specimens of influenza-like illness (ILI) from June 2009 to May 2014 were collected. The nucleic acid of influenza B virus was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR. The monitoring period was from June to May of each year. conduct statistical analysis. Results The pharyngeal swab samples of ILI were collected from 1 392,513,642,628 and 1 185 samples in 5 monitoring cycles respectively. The positive rates of influenza B virus nucleic acid were 8.33%, 0.39%, 12.31%, 0.00% and 6.50% respectively, The positive rate difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 121.9, P <0.05). The five epidemic peak periods of influenza B occurred in three monitoring periods in January, February 2012 and March 2014 respectively, the positive rates were 40.63%, 49.59% and 30.52% respectively, and the prevalences were 2009 December - May 2010, January - March 2012 and December 2013 - April 2014. Among them, June 2010 - May 2011 and June 2012 - May 2013 low level or not popular. The positive rates in the 0 ~, 5 ~, 15 ~, 25 ~ and 60 ~ age groups were 5.00%, 12.73%, 4.06%, 4.50% and 4.76%, respectively. The positive rates were statistically different (χ2 = 82.05, P < 0.05). 5 ~ the highest positive rate of age group, 15 ~ age group the lowest positive rate. Conclusion 2009 to 2014, Xingtai City, B-type influenza pandemic epidemic characteristics of the epidemic, the prevalence of the current year from December to April next year, the peak appeared in January-March, 5 ~ age group for the susceptible population. In order to better control the flu and keep abreast of the epidemic, monitoring needs to be strengthened.