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目的:研究抗菌药物引起不良反应的特点及规律,为临床治疗合理使用抗菌药物以及预防抗菌药物不良反应提供参考。方法:对从2014年1月-2015年6月期间本院上报的80例抗菌药物不良反应报告进行分析,对不良反应的患者的性别、年龄、不良反应史以及引起不良反应的药品种类、给药途径、临床表现等进行分析汇总。结果:80例抗菌药物不良反应患者中,男女构成比例分别为46%、54%。18岁以下患者7例,18-60岁患者52例,61岁以上患者21例。引起不良反应的药物主要有头孢菌素类药物54例、喹诺酮类药物26例。给药途径以静脉滴注为主。抗菌药物不良反应以一般的不良反应为主。临床表现以皮肤及其附件的不良反应为主,有43例;其次为消化系统不良反应,有21例;其他16例。结论:抗菌药物致不良反应性别差异不大,临床治疗应规范抗菌药物的应用,选择合适的药物品种以及给药途径进行治疗,防止药物滥用而增加不良反应的发生率。
Objective: To study the characteristics and rules of adverse reactions caused by antimicrobial agents, and to provide reference for rational use of antimicrobial agents in clinical treatment and prevention of adverse reactions of antimicrobial agents. Methods: From January 2014 to June 2015 in our hospital during the reporting of 80 cases of antimicrobial adverse drug reactions were analyzed, the adverse reactions of patients with gender, age, history of adverse reactions and the types of drugs that cause adverse reactions to Drug route, clinical manifestations and so on. Results: Among 80 patients with adverse reactions of antimicrobial agents, the proportions of male and female were 46% and 54% respectively. Seven patients under 18 years of age, 52 patients aged 18-60 years, 21 patients over 61 years of age. The main adverse drug reactions were cephalosporin drugs in 54 cases, quinolones in 26 cases. The main route of administration to intravenous drip. Antimicrobial adverse reactions to the general adverse reactions. Clinical manifestations of skin and its accessories adverse reactions, 43 cases; followed by digestive system adverse reactions, 21 cases; the other 16 cases. Conclusion: There is no significant difference in adverse reactions caused by antimicrobial agents. Clinical treatment should standardize the application of antimicrobial agents, select the appropriate drug species and route of administration to prevent drug abuse and increase the incidence of adverse reactions.