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中国是一个发展中的农业大国,“没有农业的发展就没有国家的发展,没有农村的稳定就没有国家的稳定”。农村医疗保障制度,作为农村社会保障制度的重要组成部分,对于农村的稳定和持续发展尤其具有重要的现实和长远意义。中国的农村合作医疗起源于上世纪50年代中期,由山西与河南等省的农民自愿发起,70年代在政府引导下得到普及的,是一项农民互助共济的医疗制度。20世纪80年代至今的“以大病统筹为主的新型农村合作医疗制度”。政府在农村医疗卫生事业的发展上有着不可推卸的责任。作为主要责任主体的政府能否完全履行职责,对医疗保障的制度建设和正常运行有着非常重要的影响。笔者试图通过对新农村合作医疗试点以来政府履行责任的情况及问题进行分析,为我国农村医疗保障事业的改革、发展和完善出一份力。
China is a developing agricultural power. “There is no national development without agricultural development. There is no national stability without rural stability.” Rural medical security system, as an important part of rural social security system, has important realistic and long-term significance especially for rural stability and sustainable development. China’s rural cooperative medical care originated in the mid-1950s and was voluntarily sponsored by peasants in Shanxi and Henan provinces. In the 1970s, under the guidance of the government, it was a medical system of mutual assistance and mutual aid among peasants. From the 1980s to the present “a new type of rural cooperative medical system focusing on the overall plan for serious illness”. The government has an unshirkable responsibility in the development of rural medical and health undertakings. As the main responsibility of the government can fully perform its duties, the medical insurance system construction and normal operation has a very important impact. The author tries to analyze the situation and problems of the government’s fulfillment of responsibilities since the Pilot Project of New Rural Cooperative Medical System and give a contribution to the reform, development and improvement of the rural medical security in our country.