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目的:探讨维持性血液透析(MHD)患者自我管理行为与患者自我感觉负担和生活质量的相关性。方法:选取行MHD治疗的患者279例,收集一般资料,采用自我管理行为问卷、自我感受负担量表(SPBS)及世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF)分别评价患者的自我管理行为、自我感觉负担及生活质量。通过Pearson相关分析探讨患者自我管理行为与患者自我感受负担和生活质量的相关性。结果:(1)MHD患者自我管理行为、自我感受负担及生活质量得分情况分别为(65.53±10.44)分、(36.42±4.30)分及(70.70±11.55)分,均处于中等水平;(2)自我管理行为和生活质量条目平均最低分分别为饮食量的管理行为[(2.11±0.70)]和生理领域[(3.47±0.69)],自我感受负担条目平均分最高为情感负担[(3.51±0.42)];(3)Pearson相关分析显示,MHD患者自我管理行为总分与自我感受负担各维度及总分呈负相关,与生活质量各维度评分及总分呈正相关(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:MHD患者自我管理行为与患者自我感受负担负相关,与生活质量正相关。如果能够引导患者自我管理,提高自我管理水平,对于患者自我感受负担可以明显降低,不仅对于病情康复有利,同时也有助于患者回归正常生活。
Objective: To investigate the correlation between self-management behavior and patients’ self-perceived burden and quality of life in patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Methods: A total of 279 patients with MHD were enrolled in this study. General information was collected. Self-management behavior questionnaire, self-perceived burden scale (SPBS) and World Health Organization quality of life scale (WHOQOL-BREF) Management behavior, self-perceived burden and quality of life. Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between patient self-management behavior and patient’s self-perceived burden and quality of life. Results: (1) The self-management behavior, self-perceived burden and quality of life scores of patients with MHD were (65.53 ± 10.44) points, (36.42 ± 4.30) points and (70.70 ± 11.55) points respectively, The lowest average score of self-management behavior and quality of life items were dietary management [(2.11 ± 0.70)] and physiology [(3.47 ± 0.69)], respectively. The highest average emotional self-perceived burden was emotional burden [(3.51 ± 0.42 ); (3) Pearson correlation analysis showed that MHD patients’ self-management behavior total score was negatively correlated with all dimensions of self-perceived burden and total score, positively correlated with all dimensions of quality of life and total score (P <0.05 or P <0.01 ). Conclusion: The self-management behaviors of patients with MHD are negatively correlated with the burden of self-perceived patients and positively correlated with the quality of life. If we can guide patients to self-management and improve the level of self-management, patients with self-perceived burden can be significantly reduced, not only conducive to the rehabilitation of the disease, but also help patients return to normal life.