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我们从1974年开始进行小麦移栽试验,1.1亩移栽小麦单产700斤,比同等条件直播的每亩增产250斤。1975年扩大移栽示范试验田20.5亩,平均单产758斤,其中半数田块跨过了《纲要》。我们校内1.2宙移栽小麦试验田,单产891.9斤,比直播麦增产50%以上。通过两年实践,我们体会移栽小麦穗大、粒多、千粒重高、秆粗抗倒、产量较高。主要原因是:(1)提早育苗,延长了营养生长和幼穗分化期。移栽小麦比直播小麦播期提早25—35天,相应地延长了整个穗分化时间,增加了小麦原基分化数,为穗大粒多创造了条件。(2)根系发达,吸水能力强。育苗移栽的小麦在起苗时虽损伤了部分须根,但栽后很快便能产生大量的新根,根系范围广,数量多。据观察,一般移栽麦比直播麦的根条数多40—60%。最多的单株分蘖40
We started the wheat transplanting experiment in 1974, and the yield of transplanting wheat of 1.1 mu was 700 kg, which was 250 kg more than that of the same conditions. In 1975, 20.5 mu of transplanting demonstration experimental fields were expanded, with an average yield of 758 kg, of which half of the plots crossed the “Outline”. Our school 1.2 transplanting wheat experimental field, yielding 891.9 kg, more than 50% more than direct seeding wheat. Through two years of practice, we understand transplanted wheat spike large, more grain, 1000-grain weight, culm rough anti-down, higher yield. The main reason is: (1) early nursery, extending vegetative growth and panicle differentiation. Transplanting wheat 25-55 days earlier than direct seeding wheat sowing date, correspondingly prolonging the whole ear spike differentiation, increasing the number of wheat primordial differentiation and creating the conditions for large spikelets. (2) Developed roots, strong water absorption. Although the transplanted wheat seedlings damaged some of the fibrous roots when they started to grow, they could produce a large number of new roots quickly after planting, with a wide range of root systems and a large number of them. It is observed that the number of transplanting wheat than the number of broadcast wheat more 40-60%. The most tillers 40 per plant