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目前,中国社会成员之间的贫富分化已成为影响改革发展和社会稳定的重要因素。研究和剖析贫富分化演变的特征和深层原因,对于规范收入分配,整顿不合理收入,消除贫富分化现象,无疑有着重要的现实意义。1.中国居民的贫富分化是普遍存在的客观现象。改革开放以前,中国不仅是低收入国家,而且也是收入分配高度均等化的国家。但是,改革开放以来,贫富分化却呈普遍扩大趋势。其主要表现:一是城乡居民之间的贫富差距尤其是收入差距一度缩小之后,又显著拉大。城镇人均生活费收入与农村人均纯收入差距从1983年的1.70:1(以农村为1)扩大到了
At present, the polarization between the rich and the poor in the members of the Chinese society has become an important factor affecting the reform, development and social stability. It is undoubtedly of great practical significance to study and analyze the characteristics and underlying causes of the evolution of the rich and the poor, and to regulate the distribution of income, rectify the unreasonable income and eliminate the polarization between the rich and the poor. 1. The polarization between the rich and the poor in China is a common objective phenomenon. Before the reform and opening up, China was not only a low-income country, but also a country with a highly equal income distribution. However, since the reform and opening up, the polarization between the rich and the poor has been generally widened. Its main manifestations: First, the gap between rich and poor urban and rural residents, especially after the income gap has narrowed, but also significantly widened. The difference between urban per capita subsistence fee income and rural per capita net income has widened from 1.70: 1 (1 in rural areas) in 1983 to