Determination of trophic relationships within a Bohai Bay food web using stable δ~(15)N and δ~(13)C

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This study measured stable carbon and nitro- gen isotope ratios in phytoplankton, zooplankton, five inver- tebrates species, eight fishes species and three seabirds spe- cies collected in Bohai Bay. δ 13C ranged from ?25.38‰ to ?11.08‰ showing a relative low enrichment in the food web from Bohai Bay. The mean δ 13C of mullet is higher than that of other organisms, and this might be due to that mullet is migration fish and feeds mainly on inshore sources. δ 15N ranged from 4.08‰ to 13.98‰, and showed a step-wise en- richment with trophic level of 3.8‰. The δ 15N enrichment factor was used to construct an isotopic food web model to establish trophic relationships within this marine food web. According to this model, exact trophic levels of all organisms were estimated as 1.46?2.10, 1.91?3.32, 2.55?4.23 and 2.98?4.28 for plankton, invertebrates, fishes, and seabirds. This study measured stable carbon and nitro- gen isotope ratios in phytoplankton, zooplankton, five inver- tebrates species, eight fishes species and three seabirds spe cies collected in Bohai Bay. Δ 13C ranged from? 25.38 ‰ to? 11.08 ‰ showing a relative low enrichment in the food web from Bohai Bay. The mean δ 13C of mullet is higher than that of other organisms, and this might be due to that mullet is migration fish and feeds mainly on inshore sources. δ 15N ranged from 4.08 ‰ to 13.98 ‰, and showed a step-wise en- richment with trophic level of 3.8 ‰. The δ 15N enrichment factor was used to construct an isotopic food web model to establish trophic relationships within this marine food web. According to this model, exact trophic levels of all organisms were estimated as 1.46? 2.10, 1.91? 3.32, 2.55? 4.23 and 2.98? 4.28 for plankton, invertebrates, fishes, and seabirds.
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