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利用多排矩形基桩模型进行水力试验,并在改变纵向及侧向模型间距及水深等条件下,研究隧道排水系统的曼宁粗糙系数特性。曼宁粗糙系数则是由调整流量及底床坡度所获得的均匀流来进行计算的。试验结果表明,曼宁粗糙系数随水深深度的增加而增加。值得一提的是,当水深维持不变时,曼宁粗糙系数也会持续增加直至纵向基桩间距与其宽度相同为止。然而,如纵向基桩的间距超过其宽度,曼宁粗糙系数则会呈现衰减现象。当侧向基桩的间距增加时,曼宁粗糙系数则会递减。对于不同形状的多排基桩及其配置的水力试验,该试验结果仍然可用于计算隧道排水系统的排水能力,进而可总结出一条经验公式。
The hydraulic test of multi-row rectangular pile model is used to study the Manning roughness coefficient of the tunnel drainage system under the condition of changing the longitudinal and lateral model spacing and water depth. The Manning roughness coefficient is calculated from the uniform flow obtained by adjusting the flow rate and bed slope. The experimental results show that the Manning roughness coefficient increases with the depth of water depth. It is worth mentioning that, when the water depth remains unchanged, the Manning roughness coefficient will continue to increase until the longitudinal pile spacing and its width so far. However, if the longitudinal pile spacing exceeds its width, the Manning roughness will show a decay phenomenon. As the pitch of the lateral piles increases, the Manning roughness decreases. The test results of multi-row foundation piles with different shapes and their configurations can still be used to calculate the drainage capacity of tunnel drainage system, and then an empirical formula can be concluded.