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为了研究‘农大211’籽粒的灌浆特性和丰产性的关系,给高产栽培和普通小麦高产育种提供参考。以‘农大3334’、‘中优9507’、‘京411’、‘农大3747’等3种不同粒重类型的品种(系)为对照,对丰产小麦品种‘农大211’在北京地区灌浆过程中籽粒体积、鲜重和干重的动态变化和灌浆参数特点进行研究。结果表明,在整个灌浆过程中5个品种(系)的籽粒体积均呈现抛物线曲线;从最大体积和花后30天体积来看,‘农大211’接近‘农大3334’。‘农大211’的籽粒体积显著高于‘中优9507’、‘农大3747’和‘京411’,它们的籽粒鲜重增长变化趋势基本一致,呈现抛物线曲线;‘农大211’的鲜重在花后3天到24天呈直线增长趋势,先后赶超了‘京411’、‘农大3747’和‘中优9507’,最后接近‘农大3334’。籽粒干重的动态变化均呈现拉扁的S曲线;‘农大3334’在花后21天、‘农大211’在花后24天、‘中优9507’在花后27天的干重极显著高于相应的时间的‘京411’和‘农大3747’,说明这3个大粒型品种(系)在灌浆后期保持了较强的灌浆能力,致使其干物质积累达到较高水平,从而最终粒重高于‘京411’和‘农大3747’。‘农大211’的最大灌浆速率(R max)、平均灌浆速率(R)和达到最大灌浆速率所需天数(d)均高于‘中优9507’、‘农大3747’和‘京411’,但低于‘农大3334’;而且灌浆3个阶段的灌浆速率R1、R2和R3与大粒型品种‘农大3334’、‘中优9507’相仿,快于中小粒型品种‘农大3747’和‘京411’。总之,‘农大211’籽粒的籽粒体积、鲜重和干重的动态变化过程以及灌浆过程、参数与大粒型品系‘农大3334’接近,但其单位面积穗数、穗粒数较高,因而其单产高于‘农大3334’。
In order to study the relationship between grain filling traits and high yield of ’Nongda 211’, this study provided references for high yielding cultivation and high yielding of common wheat. In this study, we compared the effects of high-yielding wheat cultivar ’Nongda 211’ on the grain filling process in Beijing with three different grain weight types (Nongda 3334, Zhongyou 9507, Jing 411 and Nongda 3747) The dynamic changes of grain volume, fresh weight and dry weight and the characteristics of grouting parameters were studied. The results showed that the grain volume of 5 varieties (lines) showed a parabolic curve during the whole filling process. From the maximum volume and the flower volume after 30 days, ’Nongda 211’ approached ’Nongda 3334’. The grain volume of ’Nongda 211’ was significantly higher than that of ’Zhongyou 9507’, ’Nongda 3747’ and ’Jing 411’, and their trend of fresh weight gain showed the same parabola curve. After 3 days to 24 days showed a linear growth trend, has overtook the ’Beijing 411’, ’Nongda 3747’ and ’Zhongyou 9507’, and finally close to ’Nongda 3334’. The dynamic changes of grain dry weight showed a flattened S-curve. Nongda 3334 was 21 days after anthesis and Nongda 211 was 24 days after anthesis. The dry weight of ’Zhongyou 9507’ at 27 days after anthesis was extremely high Jing 411 ’and’ Nongda 3747 ’at the corresponding time indicated that the three large grain type cultivars maintained a strong grain-filling ability in the late filling stage, resulting in a higher level of dry matter accumulation and the final grain weight Higher than ’Jing 411’ and ’Nongda 3747’. The maximum filling rate (R max), average filling rate (R) and the maximum number of days (d) required to achieve the maximum filling rate of ’Nongda 211’ were higher than those of Zhongyou 9507, Nongda 3747 and Jing 411, Was lower than that of Nongda 3334. And filling rate R1, R2 and R3 of three stages of filling were similar to those of Nongda 3334 and Zhongyou 9507, which were faster than that of Nongda 3747 and Jing 411 ’. In conclusion, the dynamic changes of grain volume, fresh weight and dry weight, grain filling process and parameters of ’Nongda 211’ were close to that of Nongda 3334, but the number of spikes per panicle and the number of grains per spike were very high Yield higher than ’Nongda 3334’.