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迄今为止,坦克电子系统还不具有自动导航和车辆制导的功能,尽管对用户来讲,这是一个重要的要求。另一方面,火控系统完善地配备了陀螺、车速传感器和数字计算机——这些也正好是导航所需要的组件。因此,试图在基本上不添加附加设备的前提下,从火控系统中发掘其导航潜力。本文研究的对象包括配备稳定用速率陀螺的现有系统和配备干式调谐陀螺的未来系统。研究结果表明,对这两类系统来讲,根据火控系统传感器的信号确定位置和航向是可行的。为解决初始对准和辅助对准问题,对现有系统来讲可用磁罗盘;对未来系统可用自主初始对准的方法。根据火控计算机中已有的车速和车向,采用航迹推算法就可确定载车的位置。预期定位精度的圆概率误差,对磁罗盘辅助的现有系统为距离的3％;对采用自主对准并在对准后转为无约束运行的未来系统,为距离的1％。这种解决办法的好处是只需很低的费用就能实现。为实现导航,大多数火控系统的硬件是够用的,只是火控计算机的软件必须做相应的更改。
To date, tank electronic systems do not yet have the functionality of automatic navigation and vehicle guidance, although this is an important requirement for the user. On the other hand, the fire control system is well equipped with gyros, speed sensors and digital computers - all of which are precisely the components needed for navigation. As a result, attempts have been made to discover its navigational potential from fire control systems without substantially adding additional equipment. The research object of this paper is the existing system with stabilized rate gyro and the future system with dry tuned gyro. The results show that for both types of systems, it is feasible to determine the position and heading based on the signals of the fire control system sensors. To solve the problem of initial alignment and alignment, magnetic compasses are available for existing systems; autonomous initial alignment of future systems is available. According to the fire control computer in the existing speed and direction, the use of track estimation algorithm can determine the location of the car. The circular probability error of the expected positioning accuracy is 3% of the distance to the existing system assisted by the magnetic compass; 1% of the distance to a future system that uses autonomous alignment and transitions to unconstrained alignment after alignment. The benefit of this solution is that it can be done at very low cost. For the sake of navigation, most of the hardware of the fire control system is enough, but the software of the fire control computer must be changed accordingly.