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在百余年的狄更斯学术史中,评论界对他褒贬不一。上层阶级不满狄更斯小说表现的内容和思想,文学家与批评家们则否定狄更斯创作的艺术。然而,他们对狄更斯的否定并未让其作品淹没在历史的长河中,相反,他们的否定给其他的批评家提供了研究的切入点和解构的目标。狄更斯作品中彰显出来一系列二元对立或统一的关系,如思想上的传统与激进,扁形人物与圆形人物的塑造,夸张与真实的矛盾统一,幽默与讽刺的结合。正是这些二元关系展现了狄更斯作品所体现出来的张力和深度,狄更斯的伟大及其小说的经典性也正是在这些二元关系中显现出来。
In more than one hundred years Dickens academic history, critics criticized him. The upper class displeased with the content and thought expressed by Dickens ’novels, while the writers and critics denied the art of Dickens’ creation. However, their denial of Dickens did not submerge their work in the course of history. On the contrary, their negation provided other critics with the goal of entry and deconstruction. Dickens’ work shows a series of binary opposition or unity, such as ideological tradition and radicalization, shaping of flat figures and round figures, exaggeration and true contradiction and unification, combination of humor and irony. It is these dualistic relationships that show the tension and depth embodied in Dickens’ work. The greatness of Dickens and the classicness of his novels are also manifest in these dual relations.