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在居住建筑中采用装配式大型承重壁板结构是建筑业实行墙体技术改革的重要途径之一。它为实现定型设计和发展工业化建筑创造了条件。十几年来,北京采用装配式无骨架壁板承重结构,主要用于五层和五层以下居住建筑(包括单身宿舍),均为横墙承重。内墙除个别工程采用整间一块有边肋的钢筋混凝土薄复壁板外,其它工程在1966年以前均为振动砖壁板;1966年以后为粉煤灰硬矿渣混凝土壁板。外墙要求具有承自重和保温两种功能,1966年以前主要采用钢筋混凝土空心板或半砖作为结构层,外贴或内夹泡沫水泥、焦渣空心砖、水渣和矿棉作为保温层,总厚度16～28厘米;1966年以后改用粉煤灰膨胀矿渣混凝土单一材料,厚24～27厘米。
The use of fabricated large-scale load-bearing siding structures in residential buildings is one of the important ways for the construction industry to implement wall technology reforms. It creates the conditions for achieving stereotyped designs and developing industrial buildings. For more than a decade, Beijing has adopted a prefabricated skeleton-free siding load-bearing structure, which is mainly used for residential buildings under five floors and below five floors (including single dormitories), both of which are cross-wall bearings. In addition to the internal wall of a single piece of reinforced concrete thin-walled concrete slabs with side ribs, other projects were all vibrating-brick siding before 1966; after 1966, they were pulverized coal ash-hard slag concrete siding. The external walls are required to have two functions: self-retaining weight and heat preservation. Before 1966, reinforced concrete hollow slabs or half-bricks were mainly used as structural layers. Foam cement, coke-slag hollow bricks, water slag, and mineral wool were used as thermal insulation layers on the outside or inside. Thickness of 16 to 28 centimeters; after 1966 changed to fly ash expansive slag concrete single material, thickness of 24 to 27 cm.