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目的:观察肝细胞癌中组蛋白去甲基化酶含十字形结构域蛋白-3(JMJD3)和核因子-κB(NF-κB)蛋白水平的表达，探讨两者的相关性及其蛋白表达水平与多个临床病理因素的关系。方法:采用实时荧光定量反转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-qPCR)法检测25例新鲜肝细胞癌组织及相对应的癌旁组织中JMJD3和NF-κB信使RNA(mRNA)表达，采用免疫组织化学法检测102例肝细胞癌及相对应的癌旁组织中JMJD3和NF-κB蛋白的表达，分析其与肝细胞癌临床病理特征的关系及上述蛋白的相关性，采用生存分析法(Kaplan-Meier)法来评估JMJD3和NF-κB蛋白的异常表达与肝细胞癌患者生存期之间的关系，Cox回归模型分析JMJD3和NF-κB蛋白的表达和临床病理参数与肝细胞癌预后的关系。结果:JMJD3和NF-κB mRNA在肝细胞癌组织中的表达水平均高于癌旁组织(n t＝-15.130、-15.030，n P<0.05)，差异有统计学意义，肝细胞癌组织中JMJD3阳性率[87.25%(89/102)]显著高于相应癌旁组织[57.84%(59/102)，n χ2＝22.153，n P<0.05]，差异有统计学意义，肝细胞癌组织中NF-κB阳性率[83.33%(85/102)]显著高于相应癌旁组织[29.41%(30/102)，n χ2＝55.664，n P<0.05]，差异有统计学意义。JMJD3和NF-κB表达与甲胎蛋白水平、分化程度、有无脉管癌栓、淋巴结转移及TNM分期明显相关(n P<0.05)，NF-κB与结节数目明显相关(n χ2＝5.133，n P<0.05)，差异有统计学意义。JMJD3蛋白高表达者的生存期高于低表达者(n χ2＝40.568，n P<0.05)，差异有统计学意义，NF-κB蛋白高表达者的生存期低于低表达者(n χ2＝48.803，n P<0.05)，差异有统计学意义。Spearman相关分析结果显示JMJD3与NF-κB呈正相关(n r＝0.627，n P<0.05)。n 结论:JMJD3和NF-κB在肝细胞癌中的异常表达与肿瘤的浸润、转移及无病生存期明显相关。“,”Objective:To observe the expression of jumonji domain-containing3(JMJD3) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) mRNA and protein in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to explore the correlation between the expression of JMJD3 and NF-κB protein and clinicopathological factors.Methods:JMJD3 and NF-κB mRNA and protein levels in 25 fresh hepatocellular carcinoma and its adjacent tissues were detected by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry respectively. The relationship between the expression of JMJD3 and NF-κB proteins and the clinicopathological features of HCC was analyzed. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to evaluate the relationship between the abnormal expression of JMJD3 andNF-κB proteins and the survival time of HCC patients. The Cox-regression model was used to evaluate the prognositic factors, including the expression of JMJD3 and NF-κB proteins and clinicopathological parameters.Results:The expression levels of JMJD3 and NF-κB mRNA in HCC tissues were higher than those in adjacent tissues (n P<0.05). The positive rate of JMJD3 in HCC tissues [87.25% (89/102)] was significantly higher than that in corresponding adjacent tissues [57.84% (59/102),n χ2=22.153, n P<0.05]. The positive rate of NF-κB in HCC tissues [83.33% (85/102)] was significantly higher than that in corresponding adjacent tissues [29.41% (30/102),n χ2=55.664, n P<0.05]. The expression of JMJD3 and NF-κB was correlated with AFP level, differentiation degree, vascular tumor thrombus, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage (n P<0.05), and NF-κB was correlated with lymph node metastasis (n χ2=5.133, n P<0.05). The survival time of patients with high expression of JMJD3 protein was shorter than that of patients with low expression (n χ2=40.568, n P<0.05), and that of patients with high expression of NF-κB protein was shorter than that of patients with low expression (n χ2=48.803, n P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that JMJD3 was positively correlated with NF-κB (n r=0.627, n P<0.05).n Conclusion:The abnormal expression of JMJD3 and NF-κB in HCC is closely related to tumor invasion, metastasis and disease free survival, which can be used as important indicators to judge the poor prognosis of HCC.