论文部分内容阅读
设计了适量和过量总施氮量下的一次和分次施氮的田间试验,研究了不同施肥方式对山西半干旱地区肥力水平较低的盐渍型水稻土水稻产量的影响。结果表明,适宜氮量(N198kghm-2)下,水稻插秧前基肥一次性施氮较分三次在不同生育期施氮稻谷平均增产达10%;但过量施氮下,一次性基肥施氮较分三次施用平均减产6.6%。总施氮量小于适宜施氮量时,基肥一次性施氮较分三次施用平均增产则达到30%。插秧前基肥一次性施氮与基肥和分蘖初期分两次施氮相比,稻谷产量无明显差异。这说明插秧前和分蘖初期是该地水稻的有效施肥期。在不施磷肥或磷肥做基肥一次施用而氮肥分次施用的情况下,基肥氮磷施用比例也影响所施用氮肥的肥效;因此,就所试验的肥力较低的盐渍型水稻土来说,可以实行在减量施氮下的插秧前基肥一次性施氮,而不需要追施氮肥,并且在施P2O5130kghm-2的条件下,总施氮190kghm-2即可满足高产,因而可以减少习惯施氮量的1/3。
A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different fertilization methods on the yield of rice in saline-paddy soil with low fertility in semi-arid areas of Shanxi Province. The results showed that under suitable nitrogen level (N198kghm-2), the average nitrogen yield of basal fertilizer before rice planting increased by 10% compared with three times at different growing stages. However, under the excessive nitrogen application, The average reduction of 6.6% for three applications. When the total N application rate is less than the suitable N application rate, the average nitrogen application rate of basal fertilizer is 30% higher than that of three application rates. One-time nitrogen application before basal transplanting rice and base fertilizer and tillering two nitrogen application compared to the rice yield no significant difference. This shows that before transplanting and early tillering is the effective fertilization period of rice. In the case of single application of basal fertilizer without phosphate fertilizer or phosphate fertilizer and application of nitrogen fertilizer in separate applications, the proportion of nitrogen and phosphorus applied by basal fertilizer also affected the fertilizer efficiency of the applied nitrogen fertilizer. Therefore, for the saline soil with lower fertility, Can be implemented under reduced nitrogen fertilizer base fertilizer before planting a one-time nitrogen, without the need for topdressing nitrogen fertilizer, and in the application of P2O5130kghm-2 conditions, the total nitrogen application 190kghm-2 to meet the high yield, which can reduce the habit of Shi 1/3 of the amount of nitrogen.