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研究经济效益高和生态学上合理的施用无机肥的方法乃是现代农业中最现实的问题之一。目前主要采用两种施用无机肥方法:地面撒施后用耕具复土和定位施肥,后者就是把肥料直接施于相对于作物播种行的一定部位。此外还有其他一些局部施肥的方法,诸如条施、接触施和根旁施肥等。本述评的目的是阐明撒施和定位施用氮肥时氮肥动态变化的差异,以判断氮肥转化和作物利用的特点,并为将此方法作为调节土壤氮素状况和作物氮素营养的方法提供依据。
It is one of the most realistic problems in modern agriculture to study economically and ecologically sound methods of applying inorganic fertilizers. At present, there are mainly two methods for applying inorganic fertilizers: soil compaction and positioning fertilization after land spreading, and the latter is to apply fertilizers directly to certain parts relative to crop sowing. In addition there are other ways of local fertilization, such as the strip facilities, contact facilities and root-side fertilization. The purpose of this review is to elucidate the difference of dynamic changes of N application rate when applying nitrogenous fertilizer to determine the characteristics of nitrogenous fertilizer conversion and crop utilization, and to provide basis for this method as a method of regulating soil nitrogen status and crop nitrogen nutrition.