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天竺葵原产南非,其野生品种有250多种。它们与当地土著居民相依共存。有的生长在高山草地;有的生长在海滨沙滩;有的生长在森林灌木丛中。 约17世纪末叶到18世纪初,一些品种传到英国和欧洲;20世纪中叶,传到我国。北京人称它为“洋绣球”,沿海城市的群众称它“入腊红”,入腊红的英文名字是“geranium”,这也证明它是外来品种。当时传到中国的天竺葵,植株高,花朵少,叶子有臭味。在人工栽培和长期选育中,出现了许多优良品种,花色繁多,花球硕大,叶片多彩而无异味。花期长达数月。还有香味天竺葵,茎叶含有挥发油,可以提出香味醇,香草醇,香叶酯等,成为工业中不可缺少的香料。
Geranium native to South Africa, more than 250 varieties of its wild. They live side by side with native Aboriginal people. Some grow in alpine grassland; some grow in beach sand; some grow in the forest bushes. From the late 17th century to the early 18th century, some species spread to England and Europe; they spread to China in the mid-20th century. Beijingers call it “Ocean Hydrangea,” and the masses in the coastal cities call it “red wax into the sky,” and the red English name “geranium” is evidence that it is a foreign species. Pelargonium was spread to China, plant height, flowers, leaves smell. In the artificial cultivation and long-term breeding, there have been many fine varieties, many colors, flower balls gigantic, colorful leaves without smell. Flowering up to several months. There are scented geraniums, stems and leaves contain volatile oils, can be raised flavor alcohol, vanillyl alcohol, geraniol, etc., become indispensable spices in the industry.