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希腊是西方文明的发祥地。公元前800年形成奴隶制城邦国家,公元前500年为鼎盛时期。公元前338年被马其顿王国(Macedonia)占领,公元前146年被罗马帝国吞并,到公元395年罗马帝国分为东西两部,希腊属东罗马帝国(又称拜占庭帝国)版图。公元1460年被奥斯曼帝国统治,1821年爆发反抗土耳其的独立战争,同年宣布独立。1829年土耳其军全部撤出,希腊遂摆脱奥斯曼帝国长达400年的统治,成为自治公国,1830年独立为希腊王国。现国体为共和制,行政权属总统和总理,立法机构为一院制议会。人口1010万,官方语言为希腊语,信奉东正教,首都雅典。
Greece is the birthplace of Western civilization. Form 800 years of slavery city-state, BC 500 years for its heyday. It was occupied by the Kingdom of Macedonia in 338 BC and was annexed by the Roman Empire in 146 BC. It was divided into two parts by the Roman Empire in 395 AD. Greece is a territory of the Eastern Roman Empire (also known as the Byzantine Empire). It was ruled by the Ottoman Empire in 1460 AD, an independent war against Turkey was launched in 1821, and independence was declared in the same year. In 1829 all the Turkish troops were withdrawn. As a result, Greece got rid of the rule of the Ottoman Empire lasting 400 years and became the autonomous duchy. In 1830, it was independent of the Kingdom of Greece. The current state of republicanism, the executive power is the president and the premier, the legislature for the one-chamber parliament. The population of 10.1 million, the official language is Greek, believe in Orthodox Church, the capital of Athens.