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马克思主义经济学中所说的“土地所有制”是一种现实的经济关系和生产关系,而不是一种单纯属于上层建筑领域的“制度”或“权利”。在现阶段,我国农村的土地集体所有制和集体经济仍然是我国农村和农业中社会主义经济关系的基本体现。在吸取和借鉴资本主义农业发展中的成就的同时而努力消除资本主义的祸害,是马克思主义者的一贯主张。当前我国农村经济改革与发展中任务之一,就是要警惕和阻击土地的私有化。《资本论》中科学地阐明了农业和土地的“粗放式经营”和“集约化经营”的概念。当前解决我国“三农”问题和建设社会主义新农村的关键在于进一步增加国家对于农村、农业和农民集体经济的投入,发展农村的生产力,努力实现在生产方式方面的变革和农村经济增长方式的转变,而不是改变我国现行的农村土地的社会主义集体所有制。
In Marxist economics, “land ownership” is a realistic economic relationship and production relations, not a “system” or “right” that simply belongs to the field of superstructure. At this stage, the collective ownership of land and the collective economy in rural areas of our country are still the basic manifestation of the socialist economic relations in our country’s rural areas and in agriculture. It is a Marxist consensus to try hard to eliminate the scourge of capitalism while drawing lessons from the achievements of capitalist agricultural development. At present, one of the tasks in the reform and development of China’s rural economy is to guard against and stop the privatization of the land. In Capital, the concept of “extensive management” and “intensive management” of agriculture and land has been scientifically elucidated. At present, the key to solving the “three rural issues” and building a new socialist countryside lies in further increasing the country’s investment in the collective economy of rural areas, agriculture and peasants, in developing rural productive forces and in efforts to bring about changes in the mode of production and rural economic growth Instead of changing the socialist collective ownership of the existing rural land in our country.