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为了监督国家镭基准源,中国计量科学研究院于1980年研制成功一台热流型微量热计。该量热计测量20毫克镭源的精度达到±0.02％(单次测量标准偏差),超过±0.2％预订指标。研制过程中对量热计的结构、理论和测量方法进行了研究。改进了热电偶装配结构,给出最佳热电偶数目表达式,分析了多体问题,减小了源位置效序,提出了相关补偿法,提高了稳定性,并且降低了恒温的要求。
In order to monitor the national radium base source, China Institute of Metrology in 1980 successfully developed a heat flux microcalorimeter. The calorimeter measures 20 milli-radians of radium accuracy of ± 0.02% (single measurement standard deviation), more than ± 0.2% of the predetermined target. In the process of development, the structure, theory and measurement methods of calorimeter were studied. The thermocouple assembly structure is improved, the expression of the optimal number of thermocouples is given, the multi-body problem is analyzed, the source position order is reduced, the relevant compensation method is proposed, the stability is improved, and the requirement of constant temperature is reduced.