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SARS-CoV、MERS-CoV和2019-nCoV等冠状病毒均能导致人类严重呼吸道疾病，给世界各国公共卫生和临床救治带来巨大困难和挑战，也对病毒致病机制的解析、抗病毒药物和疫苗的研发提出了迫切需求。合成生物学作为一门新兴学科，具有合成快速、基因构建准确和容易获取突变等特点。因此，合成生物学方法和技术也正被用于冠状病毒的研究，以加速致病机制的解析以及相关药物和疫苗的研发。但是由于某些冠状病毒本身具有高致病性和强传染性等特点，以及合成生物学本身的不确定性和复杂性，基于合成生物学方法研究冠状病毒可能产生新的生物安全隐患。建议基于合成生物学方法研究冠状病毒应加强其生物安全风险评估、制定研究规范、强化审批以及加强监督和管理，以确保此类研究的生物安全从而尽可能规避风险，发挥此类研究的优势。“,”Coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and 2019-nCoV can cause severe respiratory diseases in humans, which brings huge difficulties and challenges to public health and clinical treatment in nearly all countries in the world. This also put forward urgent demands for the analysis of the pathogenic mechanism of the virus and the research and development of antiviral drugs and vaccines. As an emerging subject, synthetic biology is characterized by rapid synthesis, accurate gene construction and easy getting mutations. As a result, synthetic biology method and techniques are also being used to study coronaviruses to speed up the understanding of the pathogenesis and the development of drugs and vaccines. However, some coronaviruses have the characteristics of high pathogenicity and strong infectivity, coupled with the uncertainty and complexity of synthetic biology, the study of coronaviruses based on synthetic biology method may produce new biosafety risks. Therefore, for the coronavirus research based on synthetic biology method, it is suggested to strengthen the risk assessment of biosafety, establish the research specification, strengthen the examination and approval, and intensify the supervision and regulation, so as to ensure the biosafety of the research to avoid the risk as much as possible and finally realize the advantages and social significance of the research and ensure the healthy development of human society.