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为了安全、经济和有效地开采矿产,在井下进行必要的巷道断面的维护是十分重要的。在没有造成过分的闭合或不需要很高的维修费用和劳动强度不大的情况下应进行维护。 巷道闭合有许多因素,如地应力,围岩的地质、机械性质,构筑巷道的方法,支架型式与支护间距,使用时间以及开采作业中的相互影响等。 巷道闭合包括垂直闭合,即顶板下沉、底板隆起和侧帮闭合。如果支护系统设计合理,巷道顶板和侧壁的闭合,既使措施不够完善,尚能控制得很好。然而,巷道底板在掘进后一般仍处于无支护状态,因此,底板
In order to mine minerals safely, economically and efficiently, it is important to maintain the necessary mine section maintenance downhole. Maintenance should be done without undue closure or without high maintenance costs and with low labor intensity. Roadway closure has many factors, such as geostress, the geological and mechanical properties of surrounding rock, the method of constructing roadway, the type of support and the distance between support and support, the time of use and the mutual influence in the mining operation. Roadway closures include vertical closures, where the roof is sunk, the floor is raised and the side is closed. If the support system is designed properly, the closing of the roof and side walls of the roadway can be controlled well even if the measures are not perfect. However, the roadway floor is still generally unsupported after tunneling, therefore, the floor