蘖节栽培保持水稻杂种优势研究初报

• 作 者: 李源祥
• 机 构: 抚州地区农科所,
• 出 处: 江西农业科技
• 发表日期: 1979年07期
• 关键词: 杂种优势 有性繁殖 杂种第一代 杂合体 显性基因 植株性状 杂种 隐性基因 父母本 科研单位

近年来,在水稻杂种优势利用研究工作中,不少科研单位应用无性繁殖法—蘖节扦插栽培,扩大种子繁殖系数,使杂种第一代的优势得以保持和利用。国内遗传学者研究认为,杂交水稻之所以适应性广,产量高,优势强,是因为杂种是一个包含父母本不同的两套遗传基因的杂合体。如果能够设法使优势很强的杂种(杂合体)不通过有性繁殖,那么,所有的隐性基因都不能发生作用,而所有的显性基因都能发生作用,则杂合性就能最大限度地得到保存,也即是保存了杂种优势。杂交水稻的蘖节栽培,没有通过有性繁殖过程,因此,植株性状不会发生分离,而保持了杂种(杂合体)的杂合性,杂种优势也就保持下来了,从而对其加以更多的利用。

In recent years, many research institutes have applied the asexual propagation method - cutting tillering and cutting propagation to expand the seed multiplication coefficient so that the advantages of the first generation of hybrids can be maintained and utilized. Domestic geneticists believe that the reason why hybrid rice wide adaptability, high yield, superiority, because the hybrid is a hybrid parent with two different sets of genetic heterozygosity. If one can try to make superior hybrids (heterozygotes) not go through sexual reproduction, then all the recessive genes will not work and all the dominant genes will work, then the heterozygosity will be maximal To be preserved, that is, to preserve the heterosis. Hybrid rice tillering cultivation, did not pass the sexual reproduction process, therefore, plant traits will not be separated, while maintaining hybrid (hybrid) heterozygosity, heterosis will be maintained, so as to be more The use of.