论文部分内容阅读
光周期在昆虫滞育中起重要作用,而昆虫光敏感性差异导致了光在昆虫滞育解除过程中作用机制的多样性。为明确光周期在中华通草蛉Chrysoperla sinica(Tjeder)滞育解除过程中的调控机制,本研究测定了长光周期(15L∶9D)和短光周期(9L∶15D)条件下,中华通草蛉自然越冬种群成虫在滞育解除过程中的干重、含水量、过冷却点(supercooling point,SCP)、结冰点(freezing point,FP)及蛋白质和糖原含量变化。结果表明:雌成虫干重在长光照下处理30d低于短光照下,其他处理时间的干重均高于短光照下,但处理间差异不显著(P>0.05);雄成虫在长光照下处理5d的干重高于短光照下,其余处理时间的干重均低于短光照下,其中处理30d时差异显著(P<0.05)。雌、雄成虫含水量总体呈上升趋势,长光照下上升显著(P<0.05),短光照下上升不显著(P>0.05)。雌、雄成虫的SCP、FP在短光照下处理不同时间均无显著性差异(P>0.05),而长光照下表现出先降后升的趋势且处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。成虫蛋白含量在短光照条件下雄虫处理10d以及雌虫处理15d均显著低于长光照(P<0.05),其他处理之间没有显著性差异。短光照处理成虫体内糖原含量均高于长光照,且有显著性差异(P<0.05)。多因素方差分析表明,不同光周期对中华通草蛉成虫滞育解除过程中的SCP、FP、糖原变化均有显著性影响(P<0.05),而对干重、含水量及蛋白质含量影响不显著;性别只对成虫FP与糖原有显著影响(P<0.05);处理时间对干重、含水量、SCP、FP、蛋白及糖原含量均有显著影响(P<0.01)。3种因素的交互作用对SCP、FP、蛋白及糖原含量均有显著影响,对干重及含水量影响不显著。初产卵成虫体内物质含量变化测定发现,长光照(处理10d)下雌、雄成虫体内蛋白和糖原含量极显著低于短光照(处理25d)下(P<0.01),雄成虫体内含水量显著高于短光照下(P<0.05)。结果说明,中华通草蛉自然越冬成虫在长、短两种光周期下均逐渐解除滞育,但在滞育解除过程中呈现出不同的生理生化变化。
The photoperiod played an important role in the diapause of insects, but the difference in light sensitivity of insects led to the diversity of mechanisms of action of light in the diapause of insects. In order to clarify the regulatory mechanism of photoperiod in the diapause elimination process of Chrysoperla sinica (Tjeder), the effects of long photoperiod (15L: 9D) and short photoperiod (9L: 15D) The dry weight, water content, supercooling point (SCP), freezing point (FP) and protein and glycogen contents of overwintering adult adults during diapause termination were measured. The results showed that the dry weight of female adult was lower than that under short illumination for 30 days and the dry weight of other treatments was higher than that under short sunlight, but the difference between treatments was not significant (P> 0.05) The dry weight of 5d was higher than that of short light, the dry weight of other treatments was lower than that of short light, and the difference was significant at 30d (P <0.05). The water content of female and male adult showed an overall upward trend, increased significantly under long-light exposure (P <0.05), but not significantly increased under short-light exposure (P> 0.05). The SCP and FP of female and male adult showed no significant difference (P> 0.05) at different time after treatment with short light, but decreased at first and then increased with long light exposure (P <0.05). The content of adult protein in the male and female litters under short-light irradiation for 10d and 15d were significantly lower than that of the long-light (P <0.05), and no significant difference was found between the other treatments. The content of glycogen in the short-light-treated adults was higher than that in the long-light, and there was a significant difference (P <0.05). Multivariate analysis of variance showed that different photoperiods had significant effects on the changes of SCP, FP and glycogen (P <0.05) during the diapause termination of A. chinensis adults, but had no effect on the dry weight, water content and protein content (P <0.05). The treatment time had significant effects on dry weight, water content, contents of SCP, FP, protein and glycogen (P <0.01). The interaction of three factors had significant effects on the content of SCP, FP, protein and glycogen, but had no significant effect on the dry weight and water content. The results showed that the contents of protein and glycogen in female and male adults were significantly lower than those under short-light (25d) (P <0.01), and the body water content Significantly higher than short-light (P <0.05). The results showed that the natural overwintering adults of A. chinensis gradually lifted diapause under both long and short photoperiod, but showed different physiological and biochemical changes during diapause release.