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作为一种哲学理念和政治文化思想的“世界主义”(Cosmopolitanism),从词源上可追溯到古希腊文的cosmos(世界或宇宙)+polis(城邦或市民),它的基本思想是所有在地球上居住的人类,无论其政治或国族隶属何方,都应分享一种基本跨越了民族和国家界限的共同伦理道德和权利义务,所有的人都有责任去培育和改善、并且尽全力去丰富总体人性,应该彼此相爱,尊重差异。这种带有乌托邦色彩的大同世界理想在当今全球化语境下,再次凸显重要意义。美国哥伦比亚大学英文和比较文学系资深教授布鲁斯·罗宾斯(Bruce Robbins)是美国“新世界主义”(New Cosmopolitanism)思潮的重要代表,在此访谈中,他着重探讨了新老世界主义的异同,在此语境下知识分子的作用,以及世界主义视野下的文学批评新趋势。
Cosmopolitanism, a philosophical idea and political and cultural thought, traces etymologically from the ancient Greek word cosmos (polis or city) to polis (city or citizen). The basic idea is All human beings living on Earth, regardless of their political or ethnic affiliation, should share a common ethical and moral obligation that basically transcends national and state boundaries. All people have the responsibility to cultivate and improve and to do their best Try your best to enrich your overall humanity. Love each other and respect differences. This utopian ideal of the world in Datong has again highlighted the significance of today’s globalized context. Bruce Robbins, a senior professor of English and Comparative Literature at Columbia University in the United States, is an important representative of the thought of New Cosmopolitanism in the United States. During this interview, he focused on the relations between old and new cosmopolitanism The similarities and differences between them, the role of intellectuals in this context, and the new tendency of literary criticism under the vision of cosmopolitanism.