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目的:探讨中度与重度内侧单间室膝关节骨关节炎内侧开放楔形胫骨高位截骨术的疗效。方法:回顾性分析2017年1月至2019年1月行内侧开放楔形胫骨高位截骨术且随访2年以上的60例膝关节骨关节炎患者。重度内侧单间室骨关节炎28例，男11例、女17例，年龄（56.36±5.06）岁；中度内侧单间室骨关节炎32例，男12例、女20例，年龄（54.16±6.3）岁。术前和术后2年通过影像学检查评估Kellgren-Lawrence分级、髋-膝-踝角、负重力线比率、关节线汇聚角、内侧关节间隙宽度、胫骨平台后倾角、内侧半月板外凸和内侧半月板外凸比；于关节镜下评估股骨内髁和内侧胫骨平台软骨的国际软骨修复协会（International Cartilage Repair Society，ICRS）分级；以西安大略和麦克马斯特大学（Western Ontario and McMaster University，WOMAC）骨关节炎指数、视觉模拟评分（visual analogue scale，VAS）、内侧副韧带假性松弛程度评价临床疗效。采用二分类变量logistic回归分析，筛选内侧副韧带假性松弛的预测因子。结果:术后两组Kellgren-Lawrence分级、髋-膝-踝角、负重力线比率、内侧关节间隙宽度均改善，组间差异无统计学意义（n P>0.05）。关节线汇聚角术后改善、内侧半月板外凸和内侧半月板外凸比无改善，手术前后重度组均大于中度组（n P0.05）。重度组0°位和30°位内侧副韧带假性松弛程度由术前Ⅰ度25例、Ⅱ度3例改善至0度28例，由术前Ⅰ度25例、Ⅱ度3例改善至0度24例、Ⅰ度4例；中度组由术前0度31例、Ⅰ度1例改善至0度32例，由术前0度28例、Ⅰ度4例改善至0度32例（n P<0.05）。关节线汇聚角（n OR=0.08，95%n CI：0.007，0.948，n P=0.045）、内侧半月板外凸（n OR=0.11，95%n CI：0.100，1.32，n P=0.082）和内侧半月板外凸比（n OR= 0.66，95%n CI：0.422，1.030，n P=0.067）是内侧副韧带假性松弛的独立预测因子（n P0.05). The postoperative JLCA was improved, whereas MME and MMER were not. And the severe group was higher than the moderate group before and after surgery (n P<0.05). Cartilage of MFC: in the severe group, 2 cases of ICRS 3 grade, 26 of 4 grade improved to 11 of 2 grade, 12 of 3 grade, 5 of 4 grade; in the moderate group, 12 cases of ICRS 2 grade, 18 of 3 grade, 2 of 4 grade improved to 30 of 2 grade, 2 of 3 grade. Cartilage of MTC: in the severe group, 2 cases of ICRS 3 grade, 26 of 4 grade improved to 17 of 2 grade, 8 of 3 grade, 3 of 4 grade; in the moderate group, 11 of 2 grade, 8 of 3 grade, 3 of 4 grade improved to 27 of 2 grade, 5 of 3 grade. The postoperative WOMAC score of the severe group improved from 50.71±8.07 to 3.86±1.84, while in the moderate group it improved from 44.09±6.63 to 3.34±2.24. The postoperative VAS score of the severe group decreased from 7.14±1.21 to 3.34±2.24, whereas it decreased from 6.38±1.24 to 0.44±0.62 in the moderate group (n P0.05). In the severe group, the degree of pseudo-relaxation of the MCL improved from preoperative 25 of I degree, 3 of II degree to postoperative 28 of 0 degree at the 0° position, and from 25 of I degree, 3 of II degree to 24 of 0 degree, 4 of I degree at 30° position (n P<0.05). In the moderate group, the degree of pseudo-relaxation of the MCL improved from preoperative 31 of 0 degree, 1 of I degree to postoperative 32 of 0 degree at the 0° position, and from 28 of 0 degree, 4 of I degree to 32 of 0 degree at the 30° position (n P<0.05). JLCA (n OR=0.08, 95% n CI: 0.007, 0.948, n P=0.045), MME (n OR=0.11, 95% n CI: 0.100, 1.32, n P=0.082) and MMER (n OR=0.66, 95%n CI: 0.422, 1.030, n P=0.067) were independent predictors of MCL pseudo-relaxation (the difference was statistically significant at n P<0.10).n Conclusion:Medial open wedge HTO has significant short-term clinical effect on the treatment of moderate and severe medial compartmental knee osteoarthritis, which can effectively relieve pain symptoms, improve joint function, and restore medial knee stability. Preoperative large JLCA, MME and MMER indicate pseudo-relaxation of the MCL.